Those finer parts of the roots which collect the nutriets from the potting medium. Normally the fine roots at the ends of the thicker roots.
Part of the technique used in bonsai is to encourage the growth of fine feeder roots closer to the main trunk of the tree. This is achieved by cutting back some of the main roots to stimulate new growth closer to the main trunk and may take place piecemeal over a number of repotting sessions across a number of years..
Some planning and care must be taken in root pruning to achieve the desired effect since the nebari of the bonsai tree is also a major consideration, and the main roots are also used naturally as support and anchorage for the tree.
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