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A to Z of Bonsai
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A to Z of Bonsai Terms

Welcome to the A to Z of Bonsai.

We are compiling a worldwide A to Z of Bonsai database. The A to Z is written collaboratively by the people who use it and we would like to encourage anyone reading this page to contribute to what has become the worlds greatest encyclopedia of bonsai terms. Entries when they are made will be added to an editable list which will be checked prior to publication. Photos and images of the bonsai term can be added and links made to relevant web pages.

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Letter - 40 entries

Katamaru

 - (Other)  
Entry for Bonsai Katamaru Other  Update this bonsai term Katamaru Other

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ATAMARU>KATAMARU>KATAMARU - Japanese term for the process of lignification i,e, where a shoot hardens and becoMEs woody.



Lanarkshire Bonsai Group

 - (Club or Group)  
Entry for Bonsai Lanarkshire Bonsai Group Club or Group  Update this bonsai term Lanarkshire Bonsai Group Club or Group
Bonsai_Lanarkshire.gif image BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAIGROUP>LANARKSHIRE BONSAI GROUP - Club: Lanarkshire.

Address : WATTSTON BONSAI,
North Lanarkshire.

Convenor - Gordon Tel No - 01236 769910. Email - lochbuie@blueyonder.

MEetings - First Sunday of every month from midday . Wattston Open day Saturday prior to club day.



Lanceolate (leaf)

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Lanceolate (leaf) Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lanceolate (leaf) Tree Parts
Bonsai-Leaf-Shape.gif image LANCEOLATE (LEAF) - Slim SHAPEd and pointed at both ends.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Landscape - Miniature

 - (Tree Style)  
Entry for Bonsai Landscape - Miniature Tree Style  Update this bonsai term Landscape - Miniature Tree Style
bonsai_landscape_01.jpg image LANDSCAPE - MINIATURE - Japanese term : SAIKEI . AS its naME suggests this is a grouping of plants and rocks to form a landscaped scene.

Larch (Larix)

 - (Tree Type (Outdoors))  
Entry for Bonsai Larch (Larix) Tree Type (Outdoors)   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Larch (Larix) Tree Type (Outdoors)
bonsai_larch_group_02.jpg image LARCH (LARIX) - There are two main varieties : EUROPEAN LARCH (LARIX DECIDUA) and JAPANESE LARCH (LARIX KAEMPFERI). Slender, upright trees with bright green, NEEDLE-like LEAVES, which turn golden in autumn before shedding in winter.

The European larch is distinguishable by its pale, straw-like coloured twigs from the Japanese larch's red/orange new twigs which darken to almost purple in winter.

A CROSS between the Japanese Larch and European Larch was found growing naturally in Dunkeld Scotland at the turn of the 20th century. Known as LARIX EUROLEPIS the HYBRID grows faster than either parent and can be found at higher elevations on poorer soil.

STYLE : All styles except broom

WARNING : Needs cool, dry air for compact needles.


Bonsai Videos  Bonsai_Larch (Larix) Tree Type (Outdoors) Bonsai More
Thanks to - Green Dragon Bonsai for use of the image

Larix Decidua

 - (Tree Type (Outdoors))  
Entry for Bonsai Larix Decidua Tree Type (Outdoors)   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Larix Decidua Tree Type (Outdoors)

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LARIX DECIDUA - There are two main varieties : EUROPEAN LARCH (Larix decidua) and JAPANESE LARCH (LARIX KAEMPFERI). Slender, upright trees with bright green, NEEDLE-like LEAVES, which turn golden in autumn before shedding in winter.

The European larch is distinguishable by its pale, straw-like coloured twigs from the Japanese larch's red/orange new twigs which darken to almost purple in winter.

See LARCH (LARIX) for more  details.


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Larix Eurolepis

 - (Tree Type (Outdoors))  
Entry for Bonsai Larix Eurolepis  Tree Type (Outdoors)   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Larix Eurolepis  Tree Type (Outdoors)

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LARIX EUROLEPIS - There are two main varieties : EUROPEAN LARCH (LARIX DECIDUA) and JAPANESE LARCH (LARIX KAEMPFERI). Slender, upright trees with bright green, NEEDLE-like LEAVES, which turn golden in autumn before shedding in winter.

CROSS between the Japanese Larch and European Larch was found growing naturally in Dunkeld Scotland at the turn of the 20th century. Known as Larix Eurolepis the HYBRID grows faster than either parent and can be found at higher elevations on poorer soil.

See LARCH (LARIX) for more details.


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Larix kaempferi

 - (Tree Type (Outdoors))  
Entry for Bonsai Larix kaempferi Tree Type (Outdoors)   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Larix kaempferi Tree Type (Outdoors)

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LARIX KAEMPFERI - There are two main varieties of Larch  : EUROPEAN LARCH (LARIX DECIDUA) and JAPANESE LARCH (Larix kaempferi). Slender, upright trees with bright green, NEEDLE-like LEAVES, which turn golden in autumn before shedding in winter.

The European larch is distinguishable by its pale, straw-like coloured twigs from the Japanese larch's red/orange new twigs which darken to almost purple in winter.

See LARCH (LARIX) for more details


Bonsai Videos

Lateral branch

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Lateral branch Tree Parts  Update this bonsai term Lateral branch Tree Parts

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LATERAL BRANCH - A side branch which arises from the main trunk.

Lateral Dominance

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Lateral Dominance Tree Parts  Update this bonsai term Lateral Dominance Tree Parts
Bonsai_lateral_dominance_2.jpg image LATERAL DOMINANCE - Most trees generally  have a natural tendency to direct growth to the top branches (the APEX) which is called 'APICAL DOMINANCE'.  However the tendency in soME trees is for growth to be directed laterally i.e. the growth tendency is outwards rather than upwards.  This is termed lateral dominance and tends to be exhibited by the "shrubbier" varieties , such as rhododenron (see AZAlea (Rhododendron)).

The aim in BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI  is to decrease either of these dominant tendencies so that the subject looks more like a mature tree rather than a bush or a sapling.



Lateral graft

 - (Procedure)  
Entry for Bonsai Lateral graft Procedure   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lateral graft Procedure

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GRAFT>GRAFT>LATERAL GRAFT - This grafting technique is most commonly applied to EVERGREEN trees in the sumMEr period.

A notch about 5 cms in length is made in the lower part of the trunk. The chamfered edge of a SCION from the donor plant is then inserted. The graft is then bound with RAFFIA and covered with grafting compound.

Where the technique is used to capitalise on a strong ROOTStock the original trunk may be severed just above the graft when it has taken the following spring.



Laurifolius

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Laurifolius Tree Parts  Update this bonsai term Laurifolius Tree Parts

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LAURIFOLIUS - Laurel-like LEAVES.

Lava

 - (Growing Medium)  
Entry for Bonsai Lava Growing Medium   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lava Growing Medium
lapillo-volcanic-bonsai-soil.jpg image LAVA - Lava is solidified molten igneous rock from volcanic eruptions. It is granular in form - either red or black -  with high water absorbency characteristics.  It lasts indefinitely and can be reused.

Also called Lapillo in its natural form.

Manufactured industrially and referred to as "leca" or "leca pearls" and in Holland as "agrex".


Thanks to - Kaizen Bonsai for use of the image

Layering

 - (Procedure)  
Entry for Bonsai Layering Procedure   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Layering Procedure

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LAYERING - Technique for gaining a new BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI from a larger, more mature speciMEn.

Techniques include GROUND LAYERING and AIR LAYERING , both described seperately in this A to Z.



Leaching

 - (Procedure)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaching Procedure  Update this bonsai term Leaching Procedure

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LEACHING - The process by which nutrients and other soluble minerals are removed from the soil by water draining through. To counteract this phenoMEnon BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI growers recommend applying more regular but weaker feeds.



Leader

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Leader Tree Parts  Update this bonsai term Leader Tree Parts

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LEADER - The main vertical stem or shoot of a young plant.



Leaf beetle

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf beetle Pests and Diseases  Update this bonsai term Leaf beetle Pests and Diseases

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LEAF BEETLE - Various SPECIES of leaf beetle can attack trees between end May and August. They are about 5mm long: green, blue or brown in colour with the peculiar HABIT of "skeletonising" LEAVES rather than eating holes out of them. Willow, poplar and elm are usual hosts.

Impact is rarely severe.



Leaf cutter bee

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf cutter bee Pests and Diseases   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaf cutter bee Pests and Diseases
bonsai_leaf_cutter_bee_01.jpg image LEAF CUTTER BEE - The signs of leaf cutter bee infestation are large circular notches cut into the LEAVES of the tree.

There is no effective treatMEnt for this pest but fortunately it will not cause serious damage. However, it can be usnightly and so removal of affected leaves is required, which has the added bonus of encouraging additional leaf growth.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Leaf Miner

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf Miner Pests and Diseases   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaf Miner Pests and Diseases
bonsai_leaf_miner_02_RHS.JPG image LEAF MINER - These pests, which have a blister-like appearance, are the larvae which hatch from the eggs of moths and flies laid on the underside of LEAVES. They leave brown or white "trail" markings on the leaves which are particularly unsightly on DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREEs.

TreatMEnt involves the removal of affected leaves and regular spraying with INSECTICIDE>SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDE .

Image by kind permission of RHS.


Thanks to - RHS for use of the image

Leaf Mould

 - (Growing Medium)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf Mould Growing Medium   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaf Mould Growing Medium

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LEAF MOULD - Autumn LEAVES rotted down to make a dark brown soil improver, lawn conditioner and mulch.

It can be used in seed and potting mixes too.  



Leaf Roller

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf Roller Pests and Diseases   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaf Roller Pests and Diseases

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LEAF ROLLER - Leaf rollers eat away at foliage and wrap silken threads around the LEAVES, rolling them into a cigar SHAPE.

TreatMEnt is to spray with PARATHION based INSECTICIDE.



Leaf shapes

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf shapes Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaf shapes Tree Parts
Bonsai-Leaf-Shape.gif image Leaf SHAPEs - There are approximatly 40 different LEAF SHAPES which, along with leaf edging pattern,  is the priME visual indicator of the tree type.  The attached table exhibits the overall shape and also some of the other distinguishing leaf features such as pattern of edging and veining.



Leaf Trimmer

 - (Tool)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf Trimmer Tool  Update this bonsai term Leaf Trimmer Tool
bonsai_leaf_trimmers_01.jpg image Leaf TrimMEr - Small spring-action tool (think sugar tongs with sharp CUTTING>CUTTING blades) for cutting LEAVES and leaf stems.
Thanks to - Kaizen Bonsai for use of the image

Leaf trimming

 - (Procedure)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf trimming Procedure  Update this bonsai term Leaf trimming Procedure

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LEAF TRIMMING - LEAVES can be trimMEd partially or completely (see DEFOLIATION) and this should be done by CUTTING>CUTTING the PETIOLE>PETIOLE (the leaf stem). The leaf stem will then naturally fall away within a short period. Leaves should not be pulled off.

Leaf weevil

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaf weevil Pests and Diseases  Update this bonsai term Leaf weevil Pests and Diseases

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LEAF WEEVIL - MEtallic green or brown insects which cause irregular holes on (mainly birch) trees in June/July.

They move on after a few days but serious infestations can be treated with a general pesticide.



Leaves

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Leaves Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leaves Tree Parts
bonsai_leaves_01.jpg image LEAVES - Leaves comprise the foliage of the tree providing a PHOTOSYNTHESIS function to provide energy to the tree.

The form and SHAPE of leaves are adapted to their environMEntsome e.g. broadleaves, narrow leaves, spiky leaves, succulent leaves, NEEDLEs etc.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Lee Verhorevoort Bonsai

 - (Dealer)  
Entry for Bonsai Lee Verhorevoort Bonsai Dealer   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lee Verhorevoort Bonsai Dealer

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BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI>LEE VERHOREVOORT BONSAI - Lee Verhorevoort Bonsai is the biggest Bonsai tree nursery in Kent, catering for everything that the Bonsai tree enthusiast would want, including workshops.

Contact - Lee Verhorevoort Bonsai
2 Taunton Close,
Barnehurst,
Bexleyheath,
Kent.
DA7 6NN

Tel: 01322 528458
Mobile: 07976 709613



Lenticel

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Lenticel Tree Parts  Update this bonsai term Lenticel Tree Parts

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LENTICEL - A pore on a shoot , usually raised and corky in texture and either pale buff or white. In soME trees these can persist (as in Silver Birch) until they eventually expand to form an integral feature of the BARK characteristics.



Leopard moth

 - (Pests and Diseases)  
Entry for Bonsai Leopard moth Pests and Diseases   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Leopard moth Pests and Diseases

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LEOPARD MOTH - See GOAT MOTH.

Lignified

 - (Other)  
Entry for Bonsai Lignified Other  Update this bonsai term Lignified Other

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LIGNIFIED - A shoot or root that becoMEs woody.

Lime Sulphur

 - (Treatments)  
Entry for Bonsai Lime Sulphur Treatments  Update this bonsai term Lime Sulphur Treatments
bonsai_lime_sulphur_01.jpg image LiME Sulphur - LIME SULPHUR (JIN whitener) is used to create a natural oxidized white colour on BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI DEADWOOD. It also prevents decay.

Dampen the deadwood with water prior to application with a small brush and allow to dry thorougly. The initial colouring will be yellow but this will fade to white as the liquid dries.

Some enthusiast mix a colouring agent with the Lime Sulphur before application to give a darker effect. In some cases the tree deadwood itself is painted with the colouring agent before application of the lime sulphur.


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Linear (leaf)

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Linear (leaf) Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Linear (leaf) Tree Parts
Bonsai-Leaf-Shape.gif image LINEAR (LEAF) - Slim SHAPEd and pointed at both ends but with pararllel sides (as opposed to rounded sides - per the lanceolate shape).


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Ling Nam

 - (Procedure)  
Entry for Bonsai Ling Nam Procedure   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Ling Nam Procedure

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LING NAM - More commonly terMEd the "CLIP AND GROW method", Ling Nam is the term used to describe the BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI styling proces where the approach is to allow growth to occur before PRUNING back to a BUD>BUD facing the direction in which you wish it to grow.

 



Little Oak Bonsai

 - (Dealer)  
Entry for Bonsai Little Oak Bonsai Dealer   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Little Oak Bonsai Dealer
bonsai_little_oak_bonsai_01.jpg image BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI>LITTLE OAK BONSAI - No dedicated site for Little Oak Bonsai Nursery

Contact Address:
Plantasia,
Street End Lane,
Sidlesham,
Chichester.
West Sussex
PO20 7RG 

Tel: 01243 641302



Little Woods Bonsai

 - (Dealer)  
Entry for Bonsai Little Woods Bonsai Dealer   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Little Woods Bonsai Dealer
bonsai_little-woods-bonsai-01.png image BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI>LITTLE WOODS BONSAI - Founded in November 2003 by its owner Mario Naziris to provide quality advice, teaching and products.

No indication that products are sold. Focuses mainly on advice and courses.

Contact - Little Woods Bonsai Nursery
Sacred Wood Garden Centre
Theobalds Road
Crews Hill
London
EN2 9DG

Tel: 0044208 367 0489
Mobile: 07825621612



Living Mulch

 - (Treatments)  
Entry for Bonsai Living Mulch Treatments   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Living Mulch Treatments
Sphagnum_moss.jpg image LIVING MULCH - Living mulches have been tested around the globe as an understory to many crops including trees.

Living mulches work in three ways: Fixing the atmospheric Nitrogen (N2) that is important for the main crop, recycling soil nutrients, and enhancing soil nutrient availability for the BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI tree.

In bonsai mosses are used as a living mulch to enhance growth (although soME people think they are only there to enhance the look of the tree). Sphagnum moss in particular is used around the ROOTS of sick or ailing trees. Normal forest moss is used as a covering for the potting medium.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Loam

 - (Growing Medium)  
Entry for Bonsai Loam Growing Medium   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Loam Growing Medium

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LOAM - A soil composed of sand, silt and clay roughly in proportions that can vary producing a VARIETY of mixes including sandy loam, silty loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam.

Generally used as a componenet of BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI soil mix along with PEAT, crushed BARK, perlite, GRIT etc. depending on the requireMEnts of the individual tree type.



Lobed (leaf)

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Lobed (leaf) Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lobed (leaf) Tree Parts
Bonsai-Leaf-Shape.gif image LOBED (LEAF) - Deeply indented margins seperating elliptic SHAPEd lobes.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Longitudinal (leaf veins)

 - (Tree Parts)  
Entry for Bonsai Longitudinal (leaf veins) Tree Parts   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Longitudinal (leaf veins) Tree Parts
Bonsai-Leaf-Shape.gif image LONGITUDINAL (LEAF VEINS) - Leaf veins emanating from stem and then aligning themselves broadly in parallel to the central stem.


Thanks to - Wikipedia for use of the image

Lutterworth Plant & Bonsai Nursery

 - (Blogs and Advice)  
Entry for Bonsai Lutterworth Plant & Bonsai Nursery Blogs and Advice   WWW Link  Update this bonsai term Lutterworth Plant & Bonsai Nursery Blogs and Advice
bonsai_lutterworth_Nursery_01.jpg image BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAINURSERY>LUTTERWORTH PLANT & BONSAI NURSERY - Lutterworth Plant and Bonsai Nursery, Leicestershire. Provides a wide range of bonsai trees, tools and accessories at competitive prices to suit all needs.

Open 7 days a week. Tel : 01455 552211





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Ishizuke, Ishitsuki, Ishitzuki
Rock garden style characterised by entire tree planted on a rock but with no soil in the pot. Water or sand ofetn in the base of the pot.



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Gardening Scotland

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